Counselors as Companions and Ethics in Human Services Essay Example for Free

Instructors as Companions and Ethics in Human Services Essay 1. Each individual we come into contact with regularly can show us a touch of something about existence. You simply must be available to learning. This specific instructor who was acquainted with Steve for whatever vast explanation, however left the experience more proficient about the human condition than when at first presented. From the outset and without knowing any foundation on Steve the guide could have quite recently chalked Steve up as an extraordinary needs understudy who not the slightest bit would succeed being endlessly from home. The councilor anyway invested significant time and became more acquainted with his understudy and discovered all the triumphs that he had been confronted with and had defeated consistently. The advocate had the option to discover that this understudy was not the slightest bit going to surrender and become lost despite a general sense of vigilance because of a progression of lamentable occasions. Each kid I interact with consistently has their own story, a large number of which are tragic or alarming, however yet many continue on and will become gainful citizenry since somebody en route has demonstrated that they give it a second thought. 2. Steve had the option to profit the same amount of as the advisor through this collaboration. He had the option to continue on and complete his training. All that Steve required was for another person to likewise observe the finish of the passage just as he saw it. Having somebody in the same spot and ready to remain with you through your objectives is gainful to each one of those included not simply the single individual with the objective. I figure the greatest push anybody would ever get is having somebody who doesn't have any acquaintance with you state you cannot do that; it gives even more inspiration to refute them. As per the National Organization of Human Services (NOHS), a code of morals is an express proclamation of the qualities, standards, and the principles of a calling, directing the lead of its members† (Barker, 2001, p.84) There are two explanations found in the NOHS however that best sum up this code and make it material to the field in which I am right now encompassed by. Articulation 45 Human help instructors show full duty to their designated duties, and are eager about and empowering of understudies learning. Proclamation 46 Human help instructors model the individual traits, qualities and aptitudes of the human assistance proficient, including however not constrained to, the ability to look for and react to input from understudies. In perusing Steve’s venture on the Hero’s Path there is a recognizable second that identifies with my present position that I have been observer to and helped with. As a direction secretary for a government funded school I have seen man kinds of understudies stroll through our entryway. Our latest understudies who have come looking for an opportunity to mix in with a customary understudy body are two understudies who wound up being closest companions notwithstanding each other’s complex issues. One is an overweight multi year old and experiences Prader-Willi Syndrome and sneaks food from our cafeteria any possibility he gets. The other a multi year old was brought into the world with distortion of the mouth and hands. Both are a piece of our specialized curriculum program. As a result of their outward appearances, both are avoided by the other understudy, which has had almost no impact on them. To help them in this exertion of mixing in our Administrative Resource Teacher, who is well known and enjoyed by the understudy body in view of her understanding and supportive nature has basically nominated these two during our busiest lunch period. So as to keep the kid with Prader-Willi from taking uneaten food and his companion from taking anything for him, they have their lunch and when they are done, are set on wrongdoing watch around the edge of the school, with our ART. The youngster with Prader-Willi gets exercise and it expels him from enticing treats abandoned by understudies, for example, milk and chips. Both additionally get the fulfillment of realizing that in spite of their anomalies they are normal understudies. During energy congregations when the energized understudy body is a bit of overpowering, these understudies additionally realize that my office is a place of refuge for them. They realize that they should accomplish work ordering or sorting out however they each have an assignment. I’ve heard a large number of our directors rehash this expression time and time â€Å"you need to know our understudies, so as to educator them†, the equivalent applies in any cooperation with them. Understudies don’t simply learn in the four dividers of a study hall, they learn in each sort of condition. On the off chance that you make that condition one where they are agreeable understudies will return over and over to look for your direction and model characteristics they found and have seen illustrated. References Halstead, Richard A. (2000, January). From disaster to triumph: advocate as friend on the hero’s venture. Directing Values, 44(2), 100. http://www.nationalhumanservices.org/moral gauges for-hs-experts

Information Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Data Structure - Essay Example For the most part, sentence structure is the principle center of syntactocentric origination and the pragmatics and semantics (data structure) are viewed as the subsidiaries of grammar. Then again, the equal engineering hypothesis of the spot of data structure in sentence structure differentiates the contentions of syntacto-driven origination by proposing that there is no prevailing part however a progression of cooperating segments and the collaborations are not really interceded through the syntactic segments. Be that as it may, in spite of the fact that the hypothesis of Syntactocentric design is generally introduced on the conviction that data structure including the relations among importance and sound regularly emerges from the mapping of different syntactic structures into phonetic structure, ongoing hypothetical improvements have uncovered that phonological structures have their constraints and their mixes can't be just diminished to syntactic terms. Accordingly, equal design at present is by all accounts the most suitable hypothesis that can be utilized to clarify the Place of data structure in punctuation structure. One of the most generally utilized equal engineering approaches known as the job reference language (RRG) especially sets that one single synactic portrayal of a sentence regularly relates to the real structure of a sentence.

The Secondary Process and Delayed Gratification

The Secondary Process and Delayed Gratification Theories Behavioral Psychology Print The Secondary Process and Delayed Gratification By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on July 19, 2019 Westend61/Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology The secondary process helps manage and relieve tension created when the ego prevents the id from pursuing its urges or desires. Lets take a closer look at how the secondary process works. What Exactly Is the Secondary Process? In Freuds psychoanalytic theory of personality, the secondary process discharges the tension between the ego and the id that is caused by unmet urges or needs. The secondary process functions through the egos action of looking for an object in the real world that matches the mental image created by the ids primary process. As you may recall, Freud described the id as the most basic and primitive part of personality present from birth. It is the id that compels people to meet all of their most basic urges and needs. The ego, on the other hand, develops later and is responsible for mediating between the ids demands and the constraints of reality. A large part of the egos purpose is to delay the demands of the id until the appropriate time. The ego conforms to what is known as the reality principle. That is, the ego must take the demands and reality of the outside world into account in addition to the ids basic needs and urges. The reality principle is what leads us to weigh the potential risks and rewards of a particular action. If the action in improbable or inadvisable at the moment, we might delay it until a later time. If the risk of taking the action is simply too high, we will instead find alternative ways to fulfill the need. An Example of How It Works So lets imagine that you are in the middle of a psychology class lecture. Your stomach begins to rumble. The id begins to demand satisfaction, urging you to do something to end your hunger. What do you do? Run out of class to the nearest fast-food vendor? Reach out and grab a bag of licorice sitting on a classmates desk? Both of these actions would be inappropriate and could lead to some serious ramifications. Instead, the ego uses the secondary process to temporarily discharge the ids energy until you are able to safely and appropriately fulfill your need. You spend the last minutes of class fantasizing about a cheesy slice of pepperoni pizza. As soon as class is dismissed, you head to your favorite pizza parlor for lunch. As you might imagine, the strength of the secondary process can vary depending on a number of factors. If the ids needs are very urgent, like if you really need to get to a restroom as quickly as possible, these needs may override the ego and the secondary process and instead force you to act on such demands. Your ability to restrain the basic demands of the id have probably become stronger as you have grown older. According to Freud, a healthy adult personality is characterized by the ability to delay gratification until it is acceptable or realistic. You can learn more about how this process works in an overview of the id, ego, and superego.

Can China Continue For Grow China - 1067 Words

Can China continue to grow? China has been heavy on government capital spending and exports. China’s capital spending is usually under infrastructure such as: roads and bridges, and they have been doing some testing to see where 3D printing can help continue to drive the economy. China has been testing the use of 3D printing for houses and other infrastructure as a possible avenue to continue having capital spending as a powerful driver in the Chinese economy. Exports are another vast driver in the Chinese’s economy where mass production is a part of total exports. Future 3d printing can be seen as a strength with products that are custom and more complex. China is trying to move towards an economy driven by consumer spending. Fine-tuning an economy is very difficult. As you can see from the chart, Chinese growth has slowed down very significantly. Still the levels are higher than many other countries, but the slowdown is clear and the transition to that slow down can b e seen as problematic. The blue line is related to the value of the yen and that has weakened in the last two years as well (Mitchell, 2015 para. 13). This has happened because China has allowed its currency to appreciate. That can be related to Chinese competiveness dropping for the last 2 years. This could have bad results for the Chinese economy. Furthermore, monetary conditions in China have changed as a result in Chinese’s GDP growth. The Chinese Central bank has reduced its reserve requirements and theShow MoreRelated The Promising Future of Chinas Economy Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesThe Promising Future of Chinas Economy If Chinas economy grows as fast for the next 20 years as it has for the past 14, it will be the biggest economy on earth: I feel that Chinas drastic improvements over the last 14 years are overwhelming, with their Real GNP growing at a rate of 9% a year, which means by, 1994, Chinas economy will match the performance of countries like Japan and Taiwan. Chinas standard of living has also increased, and the number of people who wereRead MoreNew Growth And Reform Of China1699 Words   |  7 Pages New Growth and Reform of China Siyu Sun 1377625 University of Alberta Author Note This paper was prepared for Econ 211, Section A, taught by Professor Xu. Abstract Export was the main growth from 1994 in China, but China has new growth engines in recent years. In addition, China has made some reforms in social, politics and economics for a better development. Some people think China did a right decision to getRead MoreCostco Enters China With The Help Of Alibaba1500 Words   |  6 PagesCostco Enters China With The Help of Alibaba In the beginning of October 2014, top 500 retailer, Costco announced they would be entering the market in China. Although it sounds simple, the Chinese market is a complex market in which to expand a business. If not done correctly, Costco can fail in this area as a few of its competitors have. This may be a result of the economic problems that are being faced China or the lack of research companies have done on the labor climate in China. Another reasonRead MoreChina And Japan s Influence On The World1258 Words   |  6 PagesChina and Japan are too enormous and influential nations located in Eastern Asia. These two nations are almost always confused because of their similar culture and people, and they also happen to be right next to each other. Japan and China have never been allies and the two countries always seem to be in conflict. These two superpowers are very important to the world, and without them everything would be imbalanced in the global market. The rising supe rpower, China, is a nation that will continueRead MoreDoing Business In China Case Study945 Words   |  4 PagesGSK Continues to Operate Since the ordeal in China GSK currently has continued to keep operations going, the $40.6 million was a big hit on their financials but their stock prices maintain a $40 average. GSK clearly continues to grow and are currently doing well after all the scandals that accrued in 2013 – 2014. They have been recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on their new drug. GSK continues to grow and have two more drugs in the works. Britain’s National InstituteRead MoreChina And China1145 Words   |  5 Pagesclash into war. United States and China have high economic interdependence as the United Kingdom and Germany before WW I. In short, the fact that both states could go to war is not out of the question. North Korea has been recently menacing the United States in its pursuit of the nuclear military capability. Although that threat is dangerous, it is not the greatest for the United States. Considering the current strategic environment, the rise of a nationalist China is the greatest threat that theRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Chinese Economy Essay883 Words   |  4 Pagescoined the term â€Å"globalization† and used it for the first time in one of his articles in 1983 (Los Angeles Times magazine, 2006). According to the Business Dictionary, globalization can be defined as â€Å"the worldwide movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration† (businessdictonary.com). China can be considered as an excellent example to demonstrate globalization. When Deng Xiaoping was elected as the Communist Party leader, he brought about economic reforms that opened theRead MoreChinas Role in the World Economy Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesChinaâ⠂¬â„¢s Role in the World Economy Abstract This paper aims to discuss China’s role as a major player in the global economy and the impact China will continue to have on the global economy. This paper will offer a summary of two articles entitled, China Pushes for Bigger Role in Reshaping the World Economy and Singapore sees India, China Role Growing, which discusses China’s transformation into a dynamic private sector-led economy and its integration into the global economy. I will also offerRead MoreGlobal Expansion And Background Information994 Words   |  4 Pages(expansion to China). Over the past quarter-of- a century, China has experienced big changes as the economy has transformed from just limited private sector into manufacturing base of the world, these rapid development and transformation become the gateway to vast opportunities for all industries of the world (Dyer Singh, 1998); China regional cities offer diverse of business opportunities to companies around the world for businesses to expand into China. Recent research reveals China has about thirtyRead MoreThe Reality Is The Degree Of Freedom1088 Words   |  5 Pages(increased in government interference and regulation) has declined in Freedom, out of the unfree and or oppressed countries. The analysis below compares China and Cuba of any similarities or differences shared. Nearly 8,500 miles apart, yet both countries continue to have a well-established relation, and China’s interest in Cuba remains aggressive. Both China, a Single-party regime lead by XI Jinping and the Chinese Communist Party. And Cuba, a Single-party regime controlled by Fidel Castro’s Brother

Boyles Law Explained With Example Problem

Boyles gas law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas when the temperature is held constant. Anglo-Irish chemist Robert Boyle (1627–1691) discovered the law and for it he is considered the first modern chemist. This example problem uses Boyles law to find the volume of gas when pressure changes. Boyles Law Example Problem A balloon with a volume of 2.0 L is filled with a gas at 3 atmospheres. If the pressure is reduced to 0.5 atmospheres without a change in temperature, what would be the volume of the balloon? Solution Since the temperature doesnt change, Boyles law can be used. Boyles gas law can be expressed as: PiVi PfVf where Pi initial pressureVi initial volumePf final pressureVf final volume To find the final volume, solve the equation for Vf: Vf PiVi/PfVi 2.0 LPi 3 atmPf 0.5 atmVf (2.0 L) (3 atm) / (0.5 atm)Vf 6 L / 0.5 atmVf 12 L Answer The volume of the balloon will expand to 12 L. More Examples of Boyles Law As long as the temperature and number of moles of gas remain constant, Boyles law means doubling the pressure of a gas halves its volume. Here are more examples of Boyles law in action: When the plunger on a sealed syringe is pushed, the pressure increases and the volume decreases. Since the boiling point is dependent on pressure, you can use Boyles law and a syringe to make water boil at room temperature.Deep-sea fish die when theyre brought from the depths to the surface. The pressure decreases dramatically as they are raised, increasing the volume of gases in their blood and swim bladder. Essentially, the fish pop.The same principle applies to divers when they get the bends. If a diver returns to the surface too quickly, dissolved gases in the blood expand and form bubbles, which can get stuck in capillaries and organs.If you blow bubbles underwater, they expand as they rise to the surface. One theory about why ships disappear in the Bermuda Triangle relates to Boyles law. Gases released from the seafloor rise and expand so much that they essentially become a gigantic bubble by the time they reach the surface. Small boats fall into the holes and are engulfed by t he sea.

International Joint Venture Stakeholders Free Essays

As for the media reports on possible child labor and substandard wages, let’s recall an old newspaper saying: â€Å"Never pick fights with anyone who buys ink by the barrel. † That is, as a CEO, I would not pick fights with the media, but to act promptly, discuss the issue with the CEO of Mitsamatsu, and correct the inaccurate news without casting blame. There is no doubt that whichever the decision I make will ultimately effects the shareholders. We will write a custom essay sample on International Joint Venture Stakeholders or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, it would beneficial in all aspects to join Mitsamatsu company if they are truly a legit corporation; it could also have a very negative effect if the accusation are true. Joint venture with Mitsamatsu with profit shareholders if it is a legit company, but if indeed the accusation is true, it could compromise the U. S. -based corporation for the worse. I would first hold off on any commitments until all the details are on the table and there is clear evidence there are no illegal and/or immoral activities taking place. A meeting with the appropriate officials would definitely be the agenda and once clarifications are made, the appropriate decisions could be acted upon. Not only the shareholders will be affected with the decision, it will also directly affect the employees of the U. S. corporation. Without clarification with evidence the employees would suffer anxiety and depression, also feel in a state of instability, because their future would depend on the final decision of the joint venture. If joint venture is legit and processed, it could mean more jobs and even expanded opportunities for advancement of position and pay for the current employees. But if joint venture goes through and indeed the accusations are true and the news hits the markets and the stocks, it could lead to a lot of loss in profits, which would in turn mean more cuts, and loss of jobs. In order to keep employees from going into panic mode and spreading rumors and decreasing productivity and increasing errors, I would set up a temporary department to address the employees needs and to answer all their questions. Also a department relaying up to date information to employees and shareholders would keep everyone at easy and abreast with all the new developments so they do not waste time looking for untrue information elsewhere. The decision could also affect employees in Asia. Joint venture could also mean more jobs in Asia and maybe even higher pay for them and more positions available. If joint venture does not go through and accusation are true, it may mean a lot of employees in that company may end up losing their jobs as well. Even though they may have not been being paid enough; they were still making money to make ends meet and that cut could be detrimental to the employees there as well as their families. They may even get reimbursed for loss or unfair pay in the past if appropriate legal actions can be taken, but some employees live day to day for just even food in outside countries and the delay of income may also affect them negatively. If the joint venture is made there may be opportunities for employees from the US working in ASIA but under unstandardized conditions, which may not be at the best interest of the employees. True, sending employees to Asia will open up more job positions, but it will be very risky if there are no standards set there. A good corporation at the end of the day wants what is best for their shareholders and employees. How to cite International Joint Venture Stakeholders, Papers

The Hardest Thing free essay sample

In the last few months, I’ve been asked multiple times (for college applications, job interviews, general queries, etc.), â€Å"What’s the hardest thing you’ve ever done?† Breathe. And I know that seems to be a strenuous task only for the strife-less and whimsical but there is a hollow in every person. It is a hole of darkness and grunge. A place crafted by the T’s and A’s of DNA, that is barren. It’s where your soul goes to die. The burial ground morphs into a playground where morose swings and slides and silence frolics on black tops. Pity is playing on monkey bars and climbing up your ribs; she is blocking the air to your lungs and now you can’t even breathe. I can’t even breathe. In situations of death, I know this place well. I visited often when my grandfather died. It is imprinted with the soles of my raw feet and the echoes of my cries have made their fossils in the walls. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hardest Thing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a place where my heartbeats lack consistency and fears are etched into my spine and makes me bend and crouch like a feeble animal. We were called kindred souls because our bind was so native and ancestral. My grandfather bellowed from the hips of his mother 62 years, to the day, before I passed through mine. He died 20 days before my 15th birthday and his 77th. I remember a lot about that day. It was the first time I saw my father cry. It was foreign to him the tears didn’t seem to know how to articulate down his mudded face before they were captured in his beard. When he told me, the words flung themselves into my ears and forced their way into my stomach. And there they sat, rotted and curdled. At the funeral all the brown faces were sodden. It was hot for an October day. The fans in the church were attached to old ladies wrinkled hands, as they added a breeze to their already roaring moans and wails. But the tears and sadness stored inside me had no want to come out. I was too upset to just cry. It took everything, every fiber in my muscle, every cell and glucose my body owned to just breathe. And every time someone asks me about the hardest thing I’ve ever had to do, I spiral back to that moment. Nostalgia is a bitter woman. She leads me to the beautiful moments just so I can remember the dreadful ones. The ones that sit my heart in acid and make me clench my eyes closed. The ones, in my mind, should have never happened. And during those nostalgic moments, I am reduced back to the basics of what I know. And I do the only thing keeping me alive in that moment: I breathe.

World War II Neutrality Essay Example For Students

World War II Neutrality Essay 2/22/04 US History IIThe statement The American people were overwhelmingly anti-Nazi andanti-Hitlerbut they were desperately trying to stay out of the warisnt veryvalid because it was very clear the United States was helping England alot. TheUnited States favored England verbally and physically, it was displayed intheQuarantine Speech and the Lend Lease program. Verbally the United States clearly showed that they were not neutral. TheQuarantine Speech by FDR stated we must quarantine the aggressor nation.Germany knew that the United States was referring to them which made theUnited States not to popular with Hitler. In 1940 the United States had adraft. Thepeople were not happy at all, there was no point in drafting people if wewere notat war. We will write a custom essay on World War II Neutrality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physically the United Sates had a lot of acts and programs to aidBritain. The Cash and Carry program stated if any body wants to buy weapons from us,they have to bring their ships to pick them up. That helps us from losingour shipsin trades. FDR thought up an idea called destroyers for bases. What it doesis wegive Britain our old destroyers that we dont use and they give us basesthey arentusing in the Caribbean. Thats a great idea but again it shows clearly werenotbeing neutral. FDR came up with the Lend Lease program, and with this weloaned Britain anything they needed. FDR made a speech saying if yourneighbors house was on fire, you would lend them your hose. Thats whatwewere doing with Britain. If we did not aid Britain, and Hitler took overall ofEurope, we would have had military bases in IcelandThe United States claimed neutrality in the beginning of World WarII, butas you can see clearly they were not neutral at all. Thats why thestatement TheAmerican people were overwhelmingly anti-Nazi and anti-Hitlerbut theyweredesperately trying to stay out of th e war isnt very valid.

Strategic Management Process Essays

Strategic Management Process Essays Strategic Management Process Paper Strategic Management Process Paper Running head: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PROCESS Strategic Management Process MGT 498 In the following paper the strategic management process will be discussed. First to be described will be the primary components of a strategic management process. I will also indicate why a strategic management process is needed for a company. Finally I will research Apple and describe their strategic management process. The first step to strategic management is 1. Developing a strategic vision. The management or leader must come up with a vision for the company. This vision should focus on where management wants the company to be in five years. â€Å"A big first step in developing the strategic vision is to create a mission statement. The mission statement should define what an organizations purpose is and what it hopes to accomplish in the future. The corporate identity begins to take shape when the mission statement captures the strategic vision of leadership† (Akbar, 2008). The second step is setting objectives. This step puts the mission statement into action. It gives employees something to work toward. The third step is crafting strategy to achieve objectives. Management needs to develop a strategy for all employees to follow to reach the companies goals. The management needs to take into consideration all aspects of the goal including competitors. The fourth step is implementing ; executing strategy. This step is when the plan will hit the streets. Management has to make sure the plan fits with the company. The final step is evaluating and correcting. A good team is always looking for ways to improve the company. The plan must constantly be looked at for improvements. One company that has a good strategic management process is apple. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple in 1976. Apples mission statement is as follows: â€Å" Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers globally through innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings† (Apple, 2011). By following this mission statement apple has the most dedicated and loyal customer base. With profit growing every day and consumers waiting in line for hours for the hottest apple product is incredible. There are only a few items that people will wait in an outrageous line for: 1. Black Friday Sales 2. Apple products. It is extremely hard to keep inventing new products to keep customers happy but apple seems to know the trick. Apple has a great strategic process that is monitored closely. If there is new technology to be invented apple is going to invent it. Any company that wants to succeed has to implement a strategic management process. If a company hires a good management team that follows thru with objectives and is a great leader the company will succeed. Any company has to monitor competition closely and always be one step ahead. If a company can be successful they have a good chance of following in apples footsteps. One does have to remember that apple just recently has been reinvented, everyone should have look on the bright side. Reference Akbar, M. (2008). Elements of the strategic management process. Retrieved from helium. com/items/844145-elements-of-the-strategic-management-process? page=2 Apple. (2011). Apple Infor. Retrieved from apple. com/about/

4 Questions about autobiography, biography, diary and letter writing Essay

4 Questions about autobiography, biography, diary and letter writing - Essay Example This biography clearly brings out the man and his impact in the world, especially in terms of musical transformation (Guralnick, 2012). Autobiographies, on the other hand involve stories compiled about an individual’s life but written by those particular people (Jolly, 2013). These individuals narrate their life and times. The Autobiography of Malcolm  X  is a good example. This autography was first written in 1965 by Malcolm explaining his life since childhood, the death of his father to his life as a human rights activist (Malcolm, 2001). Delafield (2009) says that a diary is a record of events in someone’s’ life compiled in one document. Diaries may be compiled over a limited time period such as a year, week or even month. The author also notes that diaries are narrated by the specific subjects and are usually for those persons specifically as opposed to biographies, autobiographies or even letters (Delafield, 2009). Simply, diaries are daily journal of daily events, such as one’s thoughts, actions, moods or actions. Pepys’ diary is a valid example. This diary was kept from January 1660 and records his daily life for about ten years, his women, friends, and businesses. He also explains his insecurities, worries, and irritable relationship with his spouse (Pepys, 2010). Lastly, Delafield (2009) explains that letters are a form of communication that confidential, personal or private in nature. Letters are also defined as notes that are written to friends or families. Letters, as Delafield (2009) says must have a recipient. An emphasis on the Paston Letters would explain this. These letters entail a collection of notes that consist of the messages from the members of the Paston family. From the letters, one could easily trace the state papers and other vital documents that were compiled by that particular family (Gairdner, 2008). These letters were sent to various recipients who had an interest with the family. As seen in the

Derivative Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Derivative Investment - Essay Example The other option available is to default the payment on the mortgage. It may be noted that both of these options are available with the borrower. In this context this paper presents a report on the features of the mortgage in general and an analytical study of the implicit options contained in them through an illustration. A mortgage bond issue is secured by a lien on the specific assets of an individual or a business corporation - usually fixed assets. The specific property securing the bonds is described in detail in the mortgage which is the legal document, giving the bondholder a lien on the property. As with other secured lending arrangements the market value of the collateral should exceed the amount of the amount lent or the amount of bond issue by a reasonable margin of safety. If the corporation or the individual defaults in any of the provisions of the bond indenture the lender or the trustee on behalf of the bondholders, has the power to foreclose. In a foreclosure the lender or the trustee takes over the property and sells it using the proceeds to pay the amount of debt due to the lender. If the proceeds are less than the amount of bond issue or the loan amount outstanding the bondholders or the creditor become an unsecured creditor for the balance amount. A company may have more than one bond issue secured by the same property. If a bond issue is secured by a second mortgage and the first mortgagee forecloses the first mortgage bond-holders must be paid the full amount owed them before there can be any distribution to the second mortgage bondholders (James C. Van Horne) 3.0 Kinds of Mortgages There are basically two kinds of mortgage loans; fixed rate mortgages and adjustable rate mortgages. 3.1 Fixed Rate Mortgages Fixed rate mortgages represent a very stable and popular type of mortgage. In a fixed rate mortgage the rate of interest is fixed for the life of the loan. The repayments are equal and occur at regular intervals. Normally the repayment is fixed on a monthly basis. The monthly payments constitute the payment of interest on the remaining balance and the repayment of a part of the principal amount. The mortgage term extends normally from 15 to 30 years. The fixed mortgage can be prepaid at any point of time at the discretion of the borrower. The risk on the interest rates and the prepayment risks are taken into the account of the lender. Fixed rate mortgages carry several definite advantages. The chief advantage is that in fixed rate mortgage the interest and the repayment are protected from inflation. Irrespective of the increases in the interest rates caused by any inflation the principal and interest remain same in the fixed rate mortgage. It also helps in the financial planning of t he individuals. The fixed rate mortgages are generally considered as low risk loans as the interest rate is not affected by the changes due to inflation. 3.2 Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARM) According to the Federal Reserve Board the adjustable rate mortgages are loans that possess the interest rate that changes periodically or according to the loan covenants. There may be instances where the ARMs may start with lower monthly payments than fixed rate mortgages but may increase over a period of time depending upon the terms of the mortgage. For the same amount of loan the ARM

Moral Hazard Adverse Selection And Asymmetric Information Finance Essay

Moral Hazard Adverse Selection And Asymmetric Information Finance Essay There are many people who have an extra money and want to credit this money to make gains by investing this money, at the other side, there are many people need money to use it in many aspects of life e.g. students need money to pay for their education, home buyer need money, business financial investors also need money and so on, for all of these needed financial intermediary to play an important rule to link between investors and borrowers. There are many risk may happens if there is no intermediate between lender and borrower, information asymmetry one of these risk and in this case information between seller and buyer are different, so it leads to two issues adverse selection and moral hazard. Adverse selection is happened when the one of parties know information more than the other parties, or if the one of parties know information that the other parties not have. Moral hazard is the situation which if the two parties make an agreement about something and one of these parties no t obligate with the agreement terms. All these issues help to explain why banking institutions and other financial intermediaries exist. So, lets go to talk about financial intermediaries and how it can help individuals to deposits and loans by using the easiest way without high level of risk. Also, in we will talk in the following about the terms Information asymmetry, Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard. Financial Intermediaries: Financial intermediary is institutions that take money from investor and depositors and give this money to the borrowers as loans, the main aim from these institutions to link between the depositors whom are seeking for credit and borrowers whom are seeking loans from financial institutions. There are many forms of financial institutions like investing banks, life insurance companies, saving loans associations, building and loan associations, commercial banks, credit unions and investment companies. (Investor Directory) Using financial intermediaries in investing give the investors many advantages, let us to talk about the two main advantages, first, making investing through financial intermediaries could reduce the risk of these investments, because directly the investor not have a large base to give his loans, so in this case there is bad diversify, therefore the investor will face a high risk, but by using financial institutions as middleman to invest money we find that the diversify is good, because these institutions have a big base from lenders and borrowers and it invest in a different business which dont have a relation between it. In this case we have a good diversify, so the risk will decreased more than if we investing directly. Second, also financial intermediaries help to give savers the liquidity, liquidity is the ability to convert assets into money (cash) quickly. For example if an individual saver lent someone (borrower) money to but house or asset, and in an argent case he needs hi s money, in this case there is a house now not money, so it is very difficult to convert this asset to cash quickly, it takes a lot of time to do that. But with financial intermediaries could help the saver by giving him the money that he need by provide him the liquidity very quickly than individual, if the financial intermediary doesnt have liquidity at that moment, it can obtain help from the government or another financial institution. (Ingrimayne) The economic business is depend on that all individuals whom owned an economic relationships have a perfect knowledge, also may have similar predictions about the future prospects. But in real, the both parties of each relationship suffer from incomplete information, sometimes they suffer from information asymmetry situation which means the probability of happening the future actions is randomly. the situation that have a different information between the both parties leads to conflict in interests of both parties who have the relationship, therefore this leads to uncertainty which represents in moral hazard and adverse selection. (M. A. Al-Garny) Asymmetric Information Information asymmetry means the situation where there is information which knows to some parties but not to all parties. Asymmetric information can lead to different in the cost between internal and external finance, e.g. seller is know an information on the subject of the quality of assets will be disinclined to agree the conditions offered by buyer who has less information about that asset, this may cause market break down, or may be also cause buying the asset in low price, but if all buyers and sellers have complete information, the situation here will be different. (WSU) Also information asymmetry makes market turn into inefficient, because information is not available to the entire market participant, thus they cant make a good decisions for their businesses. (Investor Words) There are two issues that caused by Information asymmetry, adverse selection and moral hazard. We will talk about these two Issues at the following: First: Adverse Selection Adverse Selection, negative selection or anti-selection is a term which simply means a situation where the buyer and seller have different information about the some aspects of product quality. (Wikipedia) For example in the firms managers and other insides may know more information (about the current position of the firm and the future prospects of the firm) than the outsider investors, in this case the outer information may differ than the inside information, therefore the solution for this problem in this situation is by issuing financial reports to insure the information transferred perfectly from inside firm to the outside investors to help them to make good decisions. (Money Instructor) George Akerlofs in his paper The Market for Lemons located two answers for adverse selection problem, signaling and screening. Michael Spence proposed the suggestion of signaling to solve the information asymmetry problem. In this situation, it is potential for people to indicate their style, therefore credibly transferring information to the other party. Joseph E. Stieglitz the first one who put the screening theory. In this way the under informed party can make the other party to know their information. Sometimes the sellers may know information better than the buyers, like peoples who sale used car, life insurance transactions, real estate agents, realtors, mortgage brokers and loan originators, and stockbrokers. And sometimes the buyers may know information better than the sellers, like the man who sale old art pieces with no previous expert evaluation or health insurance customers of a range of risk levels. (Wikipedia) Second: Moral Hazard The concept of moral hazard comes from insurance industry. Moral hazard is an idea saying that the person will take risk if he has an incentive to do that, therefore the person will ignore some morality aspects of his selection. Instead, he will do what will increase his profits. Anyone knows the tradeoff between return and risk, if he takes risk there may be consequences. The indifference comes when the risk comes without consequences. Also we can define moral hazard as if someone or party that has insurance cover may be further ready to take risks than the other who does not, e.g. if there is a person who has a car and his car is insured against stealing may be more not careful about dropping the probability of stealing than other would has been without such insurance. This point exactly tells us why insurance companies need to overtake (the amount of an appeal driven by the insurer person) majority claims, and decrease premiums rapidly as overtaking growing. It is also why insurer is extremely cautious about the assessment of what he insures and why he is not lawfully necessary to give more than the actual cost of what he cover. Moral hazard also is able to occur at the outer of insurance. Banks and financial institutions over and over again include embedded state guarantees (not official or lawfully obligatory guarantees, other than a common prospect which they are too significant to be unsuccessful). This creates a motivation used for the administration to take larger risks as they will profit from gambles that work, other than the state will give for individuals so as to do not. (Money Terms) Conclusion: I conclude that the financial intermediaries are able to change the risk of assets for cause that they know how to locate an answer for a market breakdown and defeat an information asymmetry problem that come up in credit markets for the reason that borrowers be acquainted with superior concerning their plan than lenders do. Also the financial intermediaries exist to help in solving many issues as we said in this paper. It plays the middleman rule in linked between the borrower who need to finance in his business and lender who want to investing and gain profits taking into account the important rule of this institutions by save the lender from asymmetric information, adverse selection and moral hazard. Because the main issue from its foundation is to collect information about borrowers and this job not easy. This issue is very costly for individuals (small lenders) but when there is financial intermediaries can help the lender to insure where he can invest his money without risks if he gives his money to wrong person, by providing him full information about good borrowers, at the same time this job here doesnt cost a lot because the big size of consumers that they connected with market. On the other hand, there are also still some risks when we deal with financial intermediaries. But with some regulation and other instruction it will be decreased to minimum limit.

PESTEL Analysis of K-Mart Essay

Understanding the general environment of a certain business requires knowledge regarding the key factors and trends in broader society. PESTEL Analysis gives a business the ability to break down the general environment into six different categories: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. By analyzing and studying each area, a company can create a strategy that most benefits them. Sears and K-Mart are two retail businesses that can gain from understanding the general environment through PESTEL Analysis. They could use it bad. One way to take a step forward is by creating new innovative strategies and conducting a PESTEL analysis is a good place to start. The first step of PESTEL is to try to understand the political environment. Sears and K-Mart focus on what political factors might affect the way they conduct business and create strategies based on this information. Sears and K-Mart are a part of many companies owned by Sears Holdings Corporation. Sears Holdings Corporation engages in government and political affairs that will benefit them. They openly express interest in politics on their website, stating â€Å"In some jurisdictions, Sears Holdings is engaged in the political campaign process to help elect candidates of both major political parties who support the retail industry and believe in the free enterprise system.1† Engaging in the political arena helps a business like K-Mart understand political trends. Political factors that may be lobbied on by Sears and K-Mart are ones that involve tax policies, labor laws and tariffs. Sears Holdings Company would most likely back the candidate that most benefited them. In 2008 former CEO of Sears, Alan J. Lacy, was one of many retail executives who supported John McCain for President.2 Being open about political affiliations can possibly affect customer opinions. This may not have affected the customer base of Sears, but Sears believes that the Republican Party best helps them. Economic and Social conditions are two major areas that any retail company must focus on in order to create effective strategies. These two areas have can have tremendous affects on the success of retail companies. If the Economy is down then people don’t usually like to spend a lot of money, and this takes a toll on sales of retail businesses. In 2011 Sears and K-Mart closed over 100 stores in an effort to raise cash. According to an article in the Huffington Post, the â€Å"problem is the weak economy that is hurting virtually  all retailers that cater to low- and middle-income shoppers, who are being forced to cut back on spending.3† Today, Sears and K-Mart are being affected by the changing retail landscape, where shoppers are going online for convenience and finding better prices. In order to be successful Sears Holdings must try to get on top of this changing landscape before it passes them by. Social factors go hand in hand with economic factors. If the economy is doing well that does not immediately translate into a major boost in sales. Social factors, like perception, play a gigantic role in the success of today’s businesses because of the affects of social media and the internet. Social perception is an area Sears and K-Mart have been lacking in. Preschool teacher Sara Kriz expresses a view that captures the perception of K-Mart beautifully by saying, â€Å"It seems easier to go to Target and Wal-Mart to get the same thing at the same price,† adding â€Å"the stores are cleaner, and they’re better stocked.4† If Sears and K-Mart want to become more profitable and generate more sales then they must direct their attention to trying to change this negative view associated with their stores. Social media and internet give customers a platform to share their opinions and experiences with the whole world. If most experiences are negative, then the general consensus will be to shop at other places. Technology like the internet has brought about a lot of change and it is another area of the external environment that businesses must try to understand in order to gain a competitive edge. Technology is everywhere we look and its getting better and better. Technology has affected the way Sears and K-Mart strategized in the past. In an attempt to bridge digital and in-store shopping, Sears and K-Mart rolled out iPads and iPod touch devices to almost 450 stores around the country in October 2011.5 Kimberly Freely, spokeswoman for Sears, Chicago, explained the move: â€Å"We wanted to enhance the relationship between customers and associates and improve the overall shopping experience,† adding that, â€Å"it is part of our strategy to become more of an integrated retailer a nd combining the digital and retail formats within the company.† This goes to show the impact that technology is having on the retail market. Today Sears and K-Mart are still striving to incorporate advanced technology in order to improve. Environmental and Legal factors are the last two pieces of PESTEL analysis. Sears and Kmart have aligned their environmental goals with that of the general public.  Sears and Kmart realize promoting a clean environment can benefit both themselves and society as a whole. Many of the appliances Sears sells tout the label of being energy efficient. This reflects Sears and Kmarts efforts to educate customers about a variety of environmental issues, including carbon and energy management, waste reduction and recycling, and water and transportation management. On Sears Holdings Company’s webpage you can learn about all the steps it is taking to promote a clean and sustainable environment. By continuing to engage in this type of activity, Sears and Kmart demonstrate responsibility and a genuine care for protecting the environment. This can go a long way in terms of changing social perception of Sears and Kmart. The Legal aspect of the external environment plays an everyday role in the way Sears and Kmart do business. Sears and Kmart must follow strict legal guidelines covering accounting and reporting practices, antitrust laws, and bribery and corruption among others. Failing to stay within the boundaries of the law can be detrimental to any business. Sears addresses its willingness to comply with laws in the Corporate Governance section of its main website. It states that â€Å"Sears Holdings Corporation values honesty, integrity, and adherence to the highest ethical standards. As part of this commitment, SHC has instituted a series of policies and procedures to reaffirm its dedication to the highest ethical standards.6† Keeping a keen eye on the legal aspect of the external environment will allow Sears and Kmart to focus on its corporate strategy without unnecessary distractions. Understanding the general environment of a certain business requires knowledge regarding the key factors and trends in broader society. It is essential for a business to know the aspects of the external environment so that it can create and enforce an effective strategy. Performing a PESTEL Analysis is the first step in understanding the external environment. Sears and Kmart can greatly benefit from knowing what external factors impact business operations. SWOT Analysis is the next step in collecting information to help understand what capabilities Sears and Kmart should focus on. Works Cited 1 â€Å"Government Affairs.† Sears Holdings. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. . 2 Farfan, Barbara. â€Å"Democratic and Republican Parties Both Get Strong Support from Retailers.† About.com Retail Industry. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. . 3 Berman, Jillian. â€Å"Sears Kmart Stores Closing: At Least 100 Stores To Shut Down Retailer Says.† The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 27 Dec. 2011. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. 4 Berman, Jillian. â€Å"Sears Kmart Stores Closing: At Least 100 Stores To Shut Down Retailer Says.† The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 27 Dec. 2011. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. 5 Tode, Chantal. â€Å"Sears Puts IPads in Shopper Hands to Enhance In-store Shopping.Napean LLC, 17 Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. 6 â€Å"Corporate Governance.† Sears Holdings Code of Conduct. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. .

Chessington History Essay

Chessington Zoo was opened in July 1931 as a private venture by Reginald Goddard who invited the public to view his private animal collection. After the War Chessington soon became known for the different types of entertainment it could offer:- a circus, a funfair and a miniature railway as well as the zoo. Despite this in the early 1970’s the attendance figures of over 800,000 began to decline. The Zoo was in need of further investment. In 1978 the Pearson Group bought Chessington and when they later bought Madame Tussauds, they put all their leisure interests together to form the Tussauds Group. 1981 saw the beginning of the planning for the transformation of Chessington. Six years and i 12m later the Park was ready. It was opened in July 1987 by H. R. H. Prince Edward. The opening coincided with the opening of the M25 which gives easy access to the Park from various parts of the country. Approximately 18m people live within a 2 hour drive of the Park. On 19th October 1998 it was announced that Pearson had sold the Tussauds Group to Charterhouse Development Capital for i 352m. The Tussaud’s Group Vision and Mission Vision: â€Å"Entertaining People†. Mission: To deliver real growth in profits to take Europe’s leading entertainment world-wide†. The Marketing Department are a small team who work across both Chessington World of Adventures and Thorpe Park. It is the overall responsibility of the Marketing department to ensure that the brand identities of the two Parks are maintained in all communication both on and off the Parks. They do this through first identifying the brand identity, target market, and visual representation of the brand, i. e. the logo. For Chessington the target market is families with children under 12. Each year the marketing department will put together a marketing plan that covers the following areas: Product. Although almost without exception a new attraction is launched each year, and the main launch communication will focus on that, general communication about the rest of the Park is required. Theme Parks provide a whole day out for the family and it’s not just about the rides. The other attractions, places to eat, games, photography, the atmosphere, all play an important part in delivering a great day out. Pricing. There is a complex pricing structure for the Park which looks to maximise the revenue the Park can achieve with it’s targeted number of visitors. Marketing will review the pricing each year and along with the finance department look at how the budgeted targets can be achieved through the pricing matrix. Advanced sales are important to the business and for this reason tickets booked in advance are discounted, also those booked via the Internet are further discounted as this is a more efficient way for us to produce the tickets. Advanced tickets reduce the queues at admissions as visitors already have their tickets and can go straight in to the Park. Promotion. Promotion of the Park happens via a number of different communication channels. Advertising. This is generally broken down into two areas, the creative production of the advert and then the choice of where to place that advert, TV, Radio, Press etc. For the year 2002 communication for Chessington will focus on the new attraction, Hocus Pocus Hall. The main creative idea is all based around ‘The New Adventure Starts Here’. This new creative idea will be adapted for use on TV, Radio, Press and in Children’s comics, ie The Beano. Promotions. Promotions are very import in incentivising visitors to come to the Park. The incentive is generally either a Buy One get One Free mechanic or a discount off the full adult or child price. Chessington ran promotions on it’s own or in conjunction with the Tussauds Group, ie Tesco. Promotions can be run with a wide variety of partners, Esso, News of the World, KP Skips or solus via a direct mail campaign to surrounding homes. Public Relations. This area is all about getting positive exposure in the media, TV, Radio and Press. This is generally achieved through issuing Press Releases and conducting interviews with journalists. Measuring the Success. Throughout the year, how the Park is doing against its financial targets is constantly reviewed, but in addition Marketing conducts ongoing research into how the Park is performing on a daily basis. Questionnaires are handed out to visitors as they leave asking them to rank the rides’ experiences, eating places, how friendly and helpful the staff were, etc. This provides information on where things may be going wrong and how to put them right. New Media is a crucial area for involvement now and in the future. In addition to maintaining it’s own site: www. chessington. com, the Marketing department looks to exploit other opportunities for advertising, promotions and PR on other sites. Use of agencies. Chessington uses a wide variety of agencies as they bring different areas of expertise and experiences to the department. We use an advertising agency to create the TV, Radio adverts etc. and also for all the design work for the Gate Map. The space for the TV, Radio slots etc  is purchased by a Media Buying agency. We also use a Sales Promotion agency, PR agency and Internet design agencies. Corporate Hospitality makes it possible for businesses to entertain their guests at Chessington World of Adventures. Up to 3 000 corporate guests can be catered for at any one time. Education. An establishment like Chessington World of Adventures offers the opportunity for students studying the leisure industry, business or animals to visit the Park and find out more about their subject. For this reason, it is possible for groups to incorporate an educational talk into their visit. The Zoo enables guests to learn about the wildlife at Chessington World of Adventures. The Marketing Department ensure that the signage for the animals and around the Park are of a high quality and accessible by all the guests. Most often asked marketing questions Q Is the price of a new attraction affected by the viability of the ride? A Careful research is undertaken before a new attraction is bought. The attraction may be put in place to address a gap in guest numbers for a particular age range. The new attraction will encourage that element to visit the Park and therefore increase guest satisfaction.

Saint Josephs University Admissions - What It Takes

Saint Josephs University in Philadelphia admits over 78  percent of the applicants. Students with good grades and a strong application are likely to be admitted. To learn about the school, including application requirements and deadlines, be sure to visit the schools website, or get in touch with the admissions office at Saint Josephs. SJU is test-optional, so applicants are not required to submit SAT or ACT scores. They will need to send in an application and high school transcripts, however. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Saint Josephs University Acceptance Rate: 78  percentTest Scores -- 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 520 / 610SAT Math: 530 / 620What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 23  / 28ACT English: 23  / 29ACT Math: 23  / 27What these ACT numbers meanGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Saint Josephs: SJU is test-optional, but you can see data from Cappex on test scores. International students from non-English speaking countries must submit either a TOEFL or SAT/ACT language to show English proficiency.SAT comparison for Catholic collegesACT comparison for Catholic collegesAtlantic 10 Conference SAT score comparisonAtlantic 10 Conference ACT score comparison Saint Josephs University Description Located on a 103-acre campus in western Philadelphia and Montgomery Country, Saint Josephs University is a highly-regarded private Catholic University with a history dating back to 1851. The colleges strengths in the liberal arts and science earned it a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. Many of Saint Josephs most popular and distinguished programs, however, are in business fields. Undergraduates can choose from 75 academic programs. In athletics, the Saint Josephs Hawks compete in the NCAA Division I  Atlantic 10 Conference  as well as the Philadelphia Big 5 conference. Lacrosse competes in the  Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 8,415  (5,377  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45 percent male / 55 percent female87  percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $43,020Books: $825 (why so much?)Room and Board: $14,524Other Expenses: $1,205Total Cost: $59,574 Saint Josephs University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of Students Receiving Aid: 97  percentPercentage of Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 97 percentLoans: 60 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $22,407Loans: $10,017 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Business Administration, English, Finance, Health Services, Marketing, Psychology,  Special Education Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 91  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 72 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 80  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Lacrosse, Rowing, Cross Country, Track and Field, Basketball, Baseball, Golf, SoccerWomens Sports:  Field Hockey, Lacrosse, Soccer, Rowing, Basketball, Tennis, Track and Field, Cross Country If You Like Saint Josephs, You May Also Like These Schools Fordham University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDrexel University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTemple University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Pittsburgh: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphArcadia University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphJames Madison University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPennsylvania State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFairfield University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Delaware: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics